How does the abbasid caliphate

Following the capture of Baghdad by the Buyids — and Seljuqs — in and , Abbasid caliphs retained little more than moral and spiritual influence as the heads of Orthodox Sunni Islam. The Abbasid realm witnessed a brief revival under caliphs al-Nasir r. However, this burst of artistic vitality came to a temporary halt with the sack of Baghdad by the Ilkhanid branch of the Mongols in Though surviving Abbasids fled to Mamluk Egypt , these caliphs would only have nominal influence.

The end of the Abbasid caliphate thus marked the end of the universal Arab-Muslim empire. Yalman, Suzan.

Based on original work by Linda Komaroff. Visiting The Met? Capital in the "Beveled Style". Pair of Doors Carved in the 'Beveled Style'. Folio from a Qur'an Manuscript. Bowl depicting a Man holding a Cup and a Flowering Branch. Tiraz Fragment. Citation Yalman, Suzan.

Anatolia and the Caucasus, — A. Arabian Peninsula, — A. The Abbasid leadership worked to overcome the political challenges of a large empire with limited communication in the last half of the 8th century — CE. Local governors had begun to exert greater autonomy, using their increasing power to make their positions hereditary.

Simultaneously, former supporters of the Abbasids had broken away to create a separate kingdom around Khorosan in northern Persia. Several factions left the empire to exercise independent authority. A family of governors under the Abbasids became increasingly independent until they founded the Aghlabid Emirate in the s. By the s governors in Egypt set up their own Tulunid Emirate, so named for its founder Ahmad ibn Tulun, starting a dynastic rule separate from the caliph.

In the eastern territories, local governors decreased their ties to the central Abbasid rule. The Saffarids of Herat and the Samanids of Bukhara seceded in the s to cultivate a more Persian culture and rule. The Tulinid dynasty managed Palestine, the Hijaz, and parts of Egypt. The Fatimid caliphs initially controlled Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya, and they expanded for the next years, taking Egypt and Palestine.

The Abbasid dynasty finally challenged Fatimid rule, limiting them to Egypt. At this point, the Abbasid dynasty had fragmented into several governorships that were mostly autonomous, although they official recognized caliphal authority from Baghdad.

The Fatimid Caliphate at its height, c. Outside Iraq, all the autonomous provinces slowly became states with hereditary rulers, armies, and revenues. They operated under only nominal caliph authority, with emirs ruling their own provinces from their own capitals. Though lacking in political power, the dynasty continued to claim authority in religious matters until after the Ottoman conquest of Egypt in Privacy Policy.